The Real Fix: Memory-Safe Languages

• Every technique in this deck stems from two root causes: no bounds checking and manual lifetime management.
• Rust eliminates UAF and double-free at compile time via ownership and borrowing: the compiler proves a reference never outlives its data.
• Garbage-collected languages (Go, Java, C#) remove use-after-free by never freeing memory that is still reachable.
• Allocator hardening raises the cost of exploitation; memory-safe languages remove the bug class.
• Reality: billions of lines of C/C++ persist, so we still must understand, harden, and audit the heap.