Class 05 · KP 19 / 19

Wrap-Up: The Defense Map for the Rest of the Course

Every remaining lab is a puzzle in which defenses are on and which bypass they force.
The dominant modern recipe: find a leak (beat ASLR/PIE and canary) → build a ROP chain (beat NX) → call 0/1 (or hijack the GOT if RELRO permits).
CET/CFI push us toward data-only and increasingly narrow attacks.
Memory-safe languages are the endgame — but decades of C/C++ keep these skills essential.

Key Takeaway

Read checksec first. Each field maps to a technique. Exploitation = chaining the bypasses that the binary's defenses leave open.